Dying from a “broken heart” might sound like an exaggeration, but it’s a genuine medical condition. If you’ve ever felt such intense heartbreak that it caused actual physical pain in your chest, you could be experiencing what doctors refer to as broken heart syndrome.
For years, this condition has been studied without clear answers on how to treat it. However, recent research may bring us closer to finding a cure.
So, what exactly is broken heart syndrome? Also known as takotsubo cardiomyopathy, it happens when the heart muscle temporarily weakens, leading to serious health issues similar to those of a heart attack. The term originated in Japan, where doctors noticed that the part of the heart that balloons out resembles an octopus trap. Takotsubo, meaning “octopus trap pot,” typically affects the left ventricle, the top part of the heart.
Because its symptoms mimic those of a heart attack or other heart failure signs, a doctor’s diagnosis is essential. Dr. Icilma Fergus, director of cardiovascular disparities at the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City, explains that two tests—a blood test and a sonogram—are used to detect abnormalities in the blood and heart structure that indicate damage. Fortunately, broken heart syndrome is usually reversible with proper treatment. A sonogram can help determine if there’s a typical heart attack blockage and whether the heart’s abnormality will resolve on its own.
The exact triggers remain somewhat unclear, but experts like Dr. Fergus believe that major stressful events—such as the loss of a loved one, job loss during tough economic times, or a significant breakup—can physically weaken the heart.
Studies show that broken heart syndrome primarily affects older women in their 60s, though it’s increasingly seen in younger women as well. Diagnoses have been rising since the early 2000s. While it’s not fully understood why women are more affected, Dr. Fergus suggests it could be related to declining estrogen levels or a general susceptibility to stress.
Not every stressful event leads to broken heart syndrome, though. Research indicates that those who develop it may have pre-existing heart conditions or a predisposition to heart issues. Stress can spike cortisol levels and affect the sympathetic nervous system, causing substances called catecholamines to surge. This can lead to a malfunctioning heart, whether from beating too fast or not functioning properly.
So, what role can exercise play in managing broken heart syndrome? According to The Guardian, a study presented at the European Society of Cardiology annual congress shows promising progress toward a cure. The study involved 76 patients with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Some received cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), while others participated in exercise programs like aerobics, swimming, and cycling, in addition to standard care, for 12 weeks. The exercise group showed more energy and better health markers compared to those who only had standard care, suggesting that exercise and CBT can reduce severe side effects like heart failure and even death.
While it may not be surprising that exercise benefits heart patients, it’s notable that this study also highlights the potential of cognitive behavioral therapy in improving outcomes.Behavioral therapy has been shown to enhance heart function and improve patients’ fitness, according to Dr. Sonya Babu-Narayan, clinical director at the British Heart Foundation, which funded the trial. She noted that further research is necessary to determine if these methods lead to long-term survival benefits or symptom relief. Vogue contacted the European Society of Cardiology for comments and a copy of the study but did not receive a response before publication.
Dr. Fergus explains that individuals with heart failure, a heart attack, an irregular heartbeat, or reduced heart function are typically advised to undergo cardiac rehabilitation or exercise. Applying the same reasoning, she believes it’s logical that studies would reach similar conclusions for broken heart syndrome. Exercise increases oxygen flow to the heart, strengthening it and improving mood, she adds.
From a mental health standpoint, Dr. Thea Gallagher, a clinical associate professor of psychiatry at NYU Langone Health, concurs, emphasizing that anxiety and distress are not just in our minds but also manifest in our bodies. She highlights the connection between the brain and body, pointing out that activities beneficial for physical health can alleviate physiological symptoms. For instance, replacing habits like excessive coffee consumption with a daily 20-minute walk can yield measurable health benefits and reduce anxiety and depression.
Exercise also establishes a routine that promotes mental well-being. Gallagher suggests that creating new, predictable structures can be particularly helpful when feeling overwhelmed or deeply grieving.
While a quick solution for a broken heart would be ideal, the current best approach is to maintain optimal health. Dr. Fergus advises that although it’s hard to predict who might develop broken heart syndrome, protecting oneself through a healthy lifestyle and managing risk factors can minimize the chances of severe outcomes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Of course Here is a list of helpful and clear FAQs about exercising for a healthier heart
Getting Started The Basics
1 Why is exercise so important for my heart
Regular exercise strengthens your heart muscle helps it pump blood more efficiently and lowers your blood pressure and bad cholesterol This reduces the strain on your heart and lowers your risk of heart disease
2 Im a complete beginner Where do I start
Start slow Begin with just 1015 minutes of moderate activity like brisk walking most days of the week The key is consistency Gradually increase the time and intensity as you get stronger
3 How much exercise does my heart actually need
For most adults aim for at least 150 minutes of moderateintensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorousintensity aerobic exercise each week spread out over several days
4 Whats the difference between aerobic and strength training for my heart
Aerobic Exercise is the star for your heart It gets your heart rate up for a sustained period directly improving cardiovascular fitness
Strength Training supports your heart by building muscle which helps control weight and improve metabolism
Types of HeartHealthy Exercise
5 What are some easy lowimpact exercises I can do
Brisk walking is one of the best Other great options include swimming cycling on a stationary bike water aerobics and using an elliptical machine
6 Do I need to go to a gym to get a good heart workout
Not at all You can get an excellent workout at home or in your neighborhood Walking jogging climbing stairs bodyweight exercises and following along with online exercise videos are all effective
7 Is highintensity interval training safe for my heart
For people with an established baseline of fitness and no preexisting heart conditions HIIT can be very beneficial However if you are new to exercise or have a heart condition consult your doctor before starting any highintensity program
Common Concerns Safety
8 I have a heart condition Can I still exercise
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